1/23/2024 0 Comments Doitnow gene![]() Additionally, because disease-resistance traits are hard to observe and there is a substantial potential risk of persistent infection, it is difficult for conventional breeding methods to work effectively. Livestock genetic resources have severely limited this process. More importantly, the traits selected by traditional breeding methods must have existed in the breeds. We should admit that traditional breeding has entered a bottleneck, especially in a rapidly growing population with limited resources. More than that, it is hard to achieve rapid improvement when some important economic properties have reached a certain level. Many of today’s superior agricultural animals have gone through decades of breeding (such as Landrace swine and Holstein cows). Firstly, a large population is needed to obtain a superior trait, and meanwhile, continuous selection and assortative mating are needed to stabilize this trait. Traditional breeding methods usually have shortcomings, such as long cycles, low efficiency, and prediction difficulty. Using modern genetic methods and molecular biology techniques to improve livestock disease-resistance and immune capacity could improve livestock production efficiency and promote the healthy development of the livestock industry. ![]() The disease-resistance traits have been considered the target traits for the genetic improvement of livestock. Controlling the level of these proteins can also achieve resistance to particular pathogen infection. On the other hand, more and more antivirus and host-receptor proteins have influenced infection by specific pathogens. ![]() Therefore, innate immune-related genes are the primary goals of disease-resistant breeding. It is also demonstrated that many innate immune traits are genetically controlled in livestock. The host’s innate immunity is the first line of defense against pathogen infection, and enhancing innate immunity can offer non-specific protection against widespread infection of pathogenic microorganisms. Many diseases are related to genetic factors. The interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and the host immune system affects disease infection and transmission. The disease-resistance of livestock has a direct bearing on their fitness, which significantly affects growth and reproduction. Therefore, when traditional methods prove ineffective, many researchers have turned to improving animal genomes to enhance their disease-resistance. The occurrence of diseases is not only related to livestock feeding and production environment but is also affected by genetic factors. Moreover, there is a lack of effective vaccines for some infectious diseases. However, long-term use of antibiotics causes environmental pollution and increases resistance to harmful microorganisms and aggravated infections. ![]() For a long time, vaccination and antibiotic feeding were the main strategies for disease control in livestock production. The global epidemics of avian flu, African swine fever, and other animal diseases have made us realize that these infectious livestock diseases badly affect animal health welfare, livestock production, social economy, and human health safety. Therefore, an efficient, healthy, and safe livestock farming industry is closely related to global food safety and public health security. Foods from these livestock provide a large quantity of energy and high-quality protein. Livestock products, such as meat, eggs, milk, and fur, are necessities of human life. Livestock production plays an essential role in current social life.
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